RadPhysBio: A Radiobiological Database for the Prediction of Cell Survival upon Exposure to Ionizing Radiation.

Based on the need for radiobiological databases, in this work, we mined experimental ionizing radiation data of human cells treated with X-rays, γ-rays, carbon ions, protons and α-particles, by manually searching the relevant literature in PubMed from 1980 until 2024. In order to calculate normal and tumor cell survival α and ß coefficients of the linear quadratic (LQ) established model, as well as the initial values of the double-strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA, we used WebPlotDigitizer and Python programming language. We also produced complex DNA damage results through the fast Monte Carlo code MCDS in order to complete any missing data. The calculated α/ß values are in good agreement with those valued reported in the literature, where α shows a relatively good association with linear energy transfer (LET), but not ß. In general, a positive correlation between DSBs and LET was observed as far as the experimental values are concerned. Furthermore, we developed a biophysical prediction model by using machine learning, which showed a good performance for α, while it underscored LET as the most important feature for its prediction. In this study, we designed and developed the novel radiobiological 'RadPhysBio' database for the prediction of irradiated cell survival (α and ß coefficients of the LQ model). The incorporation of machine learning and repair models increases the applicability of our results and the spectrum of potential users.

ES-SCLC Patients with PD-L1+ CTCs and High Percentages of CD8+PD-1+T Cells in Circulation Benefit from Front-Line Immunotherapy Treatment.

SCLC is an aggressive cancer type with high metastatic potential and bad prognosis. CTCs are a valuable source of tumor cells in blood circulation and are among the major contributors to metastasis. In this study we evaluated the number of CTCs that express PD-L1 in treatment-naïve ES-SCLC patients receiving ICI in a front-line setting. Moreover, we explored the percentages of different immune T-cell subsets in circulation to assess their potential role in predicting responses. A total of 43 patients were enrolled-6 of them with LS-SCLC, and 37 with ES-SCLC disease. In addition, PBMCs from 10 healthy donors were used as a control group. Different T-cell subtypes were examined through multicolor FACS analysis and patients' CTCs were detected using immunofluorescence staining. SCLC patients had higher percentages of PD-1-expressing CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T-cells, as well as elevated PD-1 protein expression compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, in ES-SCLC patients, a positive correlation between CD3+CD8+PD-1+ T-cells and PD-L1+ CTCs was detected. Importantly, patients harboring higher numbers of CD3+CD8+PD-1+ T-cells together with PD-L1+CTCs had a survival advantage when receiving front-line immunotherapy. Thus, this study proposes, for first time possible, immune cell-CTCs interaction, as well as a potential novel clinical biomarker for ICI responses in ES-SCLC patients.

Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the extra-hepatic bile duct: A case report.

Lymphoma is known to be a systemic lymphoproliferative malignancy, which is divided into two subtypes: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma originates from nodal and extranodal sites. In the staging of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the liver is implicated in 40% of cases; however, primary liver non-Hodgkin lymphoma represents <1% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases. Because of its rarity, it is not usually considered in the differential diagnosis of patients that present with jaundice. Since the first case of primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the extra-hepatic bile ducts was presented, only 42 similar cases have been reported in the English literature. The present case report describes a rare case of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the common hepatic duct, which presented with obstructive jaundice and represented a complex differential diagnostic issue.